This chapter is about the life and values of Mahatma Gandhi, the Father of the Nation. It highlights important events from his childhood to his journey in London and South Africa. The lesson teaches us about his qualities like simplicity, self-help, truthfulness, non-violence, and vegetarianism, which made him a great leader and an inspiration for the whole world.
In this blog, we provide the complete study material of this chapter, including:
- Chapter Explanation in simple words for better understanding.
- Chapter Summary in both English and Hindi for quick revision.
- All Exercise Solutions such as Word Power, Grammar, Comprehension Questions, and Pair Work activities.
This will help students prepare thoroughly for their exams and also understand the real-life value of perseverance and confidence.
Chapter Summary (पाठ का सारांश)
This lesson is based on the childhood experiences of Mahatma Gandhi. When he was a young boy, his father bought a book titled “Shravana Pitrabhakti Natak.” The story of Shravana, who carried his blind parents in a kanwar, left a deep impression on him. Gandhi considered Shravana as a role model of devotion to parents. He was also deeply inspired by the play “Harishchandra”, which depicted truth and honesty. These two characters became living ideals in his life.
At the age of seven, Gandhi moved with his father from Porbandar to Rajkot and joined a primary school there. He was very shy and avoided company, spending most of his time with books and lessons.
One incident during his school days shows his strong character. When an inspector, Mr. Giles, gave the students a spelling test, Gandhi misspelt the word “kettle.” His teacher tried to prompt him to copy from a neighbour’s slate, but Gandhi refused. As a result, all other students got full marks, while only he was marked wrong. Although the teacher scolded him for not copying, Gandhi remained firm in his honesty.
The lesson highlights Gandhi’s values of truth, honesty, simplicity, and moral strength, which later shaped him into the great leader we know today.
यह पाठ महात्मा गांधी के बचपन के अनुभवों पर आधारित है। जब वे छोटे थे, उनके पिताजी ने “श्रवण पितृभक्ति नाटक” नामक पुस्तक खरीदी। उसमें श्रवण की कहानी थी, जो अपने अंधे माता-पिता को कांवड़ में लेकर जाता है। इस कहानी ने गांधीजी के मन पर गहरा प्रभाव डाला और उन्होंने श्रवण को माता-पिता की सेवा का आदर्श माना। इसके अलावा, “हरिश्चंद्र” नाटक ने भी उन्हें बहुत प्रभावित किया। यह नाटक सत्य और ईमानदारी का संदेश देता है, जो गांधीजी के जीवन का हिस्सा बन गया।
सात वर्ष की उम्र में गांधीजी पोरबंदर से राजकोट आ गए और वहां प्राथमिक विद्यालय में पढ़ाई शुरू की। वे बहुत शर्मीले थे और अकेले रहना पसंद करते थे। उनकी किताबें और पाठ ही उनके साथी थे।
विद्यालय के समय की एक घटना उनके चरित्र को दर्शाती है। जब निरीक्षक मि. गाइल्स ने बच्चों को वर्तनी की परीक्षा दी, तब गांधीजी ने “kettle” शब्द की गलत वर्तनी लिख दी। शिक्षक ने उन्हें पड़ोसी की पट्टी से नकल करने का संकेत दिया, लेकिन गांधीजी ने नकल नहीं की। परिणामस्वरूप सभी विद्यार्थियों ने सही लिखा, केवल गांधीजी से गलती हुई। शिक्षक ने उनकी नासमझी बताई, लेकिन गांधीजी अपने सत्य पर डटे रहे।
यह पाठ बताता है कि गांधीजी के जीवन में सत्य, ईमानदारी, सादगी और नैतिकता का कितना महत्व था।
Chapter Summary (पाठ का सारांश)
The lesson tells about the childhood of Mahatma Gandhi. He was inspired by the stories of Shravana and Harishchandra, which taught him devotion and truthfulness. Gandhi was very shy in school and preferred books over company.
During a spelling test, he misspelt the word kettle. Though the teacher wanted him to copy, Gandhi refused and accepted his mistake. This shows his honesty and love for truth.
Moral: Truth and honesty are greater than temporary success.
यह पाठ महात्मा गांधी के बचपन के बारे में है। वे श्रवण और हरिश्चंद्र की कहानियों से प्रभावित हुए, जिन्होंने उन्हें भक्ति और सत्य का मार्ग सिखाया। गांधीजी स्कूल में बहुत शर्मीले थे और किताबों में ही मग्न रहते थे।
वर्तनी की परीक्षा में उन्होंने “kettle” शब्द गलत लिखा। शिक्षक ने नकल करने का इशारा किया, लेकिन गांधीजी ने मना कर दिया और गलती स्वीकार की। यह उनकी ईमानदारी और सत्यप्रेम को दर्शाता है।
नीति: सत्य और ईमानदारी असली सफलता का मार्ग है।
Solution
1. Word power
Choose from the given words and fill in the blanks:
(impression, lie, reality, copied, power)
The life of Mahatma Gandhi left a lasting impression on my mind. Till today Gandhiji is a living reality for Indians. He is an example to be copied. He did not remember having told a lie during his school days. He taught us the power of non-violence and non-cooperation.
2. Comprehension questions
Answer these questions:
1. What was the task that Mr. Giles set?
👉 Mr. Giles gave the students five words to write as a spelling exercise.
2. Why didn't Gandhiji copy?
👉 Gandhiji did not copy because he valued truth and honesty. He did not want to be prompted or cheat, even if others did better than him.
3. What left a lasting impression on Gandhiji's mind?
👉 The book “Shravana Pitrabhakti Natak” and the picture of Shravana carrying his blind parents left a lasting impression on Gandhiji’s mind.
4. Why were "Shravana" and "Harishchandra" important to Mahatma Gandhi?
👉 Shravana was important to Gandhiji because he represented devotion to parents, and Harishchandra was important because he represented truth and honesty. These became ideals that guided Gandhiji throughout his life.
5. Are they important to you and why?
👉 Yes, they are important to me because Shravana teaches us about love and respect for parents, while Harishchandra teaches us the value of truth. Both inspire us to live a moral and honest life.
3. Grammar in use
1) Make sentences of your own, using the past tense of the verbs given:
cook, play, clean, think
1. Example : I liked the book.
a. _________________.
b. _________________.
c. _________________.
d. _________________.
Ans.
a. I cooked dinner for my family.
b. She played with her friends in the park.
c. We cleaned the classroom yesterday.
d. He thought about the problem carefully.
make, write, ride, give
2. Example : He ran home.
a. _________________.
b. _________________.
c. _________________.
d. _________________.
a. She made a beautiful drawing.
b. I wrote a letter to my uncle.
c. He rode a bicycle to school.
d. They gave me a birthday gift.
try, fry, copy
3. Example : The baby cried.
a. _________________.
b. _________________.
c. _________________.
a. I tried to solve the puzzle.
b. Mother fried some pakoras in the evening.
c. He copied the answers from his friend.
put, hit, read
4. Example : I cut a mango.
a. _________________.
b. _________________.
c. _________________.
a. She put her bag on the table.
b. He hit the ball very hard.
c. I read a storybook last night.
2) Here are a few sentences written in simple present tense. Read them
and change into simple past tense:
[ Ramu says this about his grand father]
My grandfather wakes up early in the morning. He goes to market. He
buys fruit, chocolates and vegetables. He comes home. Then he has
lunch and rests for a while.
In the evening, he tells us stories from the Panchatantra. He relates to us
several events from his life.
We like our grandfather.
Ans. My grandfather woke up early in the morning. He went to market. He bought fruit, chocolates and vegetables. He came home. Then he had lunch and rested for a while.
In the evening, he told us stories from the Panchatantra. He related to us several events from his life.
We liked our grandfather.
3) Complete the following chart:
Write the three forms of the verbs given below:
4. Let's talk
Discuss in pairs and find answers to the following questions:
1. When was Mahatma Gandhi born?
➡ Mahatma Gandhi was born on 2nd October 1869.
2. What was his father's name?
➡ His father's name was Karamchand Gandhi.
3. What was his mother's name?
➡ His mother's name was Putlibai Gandhi.
4. When did he go to London?
➡ He went to London in 1888 to study law.
5. Why did he go to South Africa?
➡ He went to South Africa in 1893 to work as a lawyer for a case.
5. Let's write
Talk to your friend about Gandhiji and his life and write things that you would like to follow. Choose from the given words.
(Self-help, simplicity, truthfulness, non-violence, vegetarianism)
Ans. Gandhiji lived a life of simplicity and truthfulness. He always followed non-violence and did his own work with self-help. He was also a vegetarian throughout his life. I would like to follow his simplicity, truthfulness, and non-violence in my life.
